Breast Feeding

What is breastfeeding?

Breastfeeding is the natural way mothers feed their babies with breast milk, which contains all the nutrients a baby needs to grow strong and healthy. The world health organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding (giving only breast milk, no water or food) for the first six months of a baby’s life. After six months, mothers can introduce soft foods while continuing to breastfeed up to two years or more.

In Africa, breastfeeding is common, but not all mothers breastfeed exclusively for six months. In Ghana, 52% of newborns are breastfed within the first hour of birth, and only 43% of infants under six months are exclusively breastfed. The goal is to increase these numbers to 70% by 2030 because breastfeeding saves lives.

Why is breastfeeding important?

Breastfeeding benefits both the baby and the mother.

Benefits for the baby

  • Stronger immunity: Breast milk contains antibodies that protect babies from illnesses such as diarrhoea, pneumonia, and ear infections.
  • Fewer diseases: Breastfed babies are less likely to develop allergies, asthma, obesity, and diabetes later in life.
  • Better brain development: Breastfeeding improves a child’s IQ and overall brain function.
  • Lower risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): Breastfed babies have a reduced risk of dying suddenly in their sleep.
  • Better digestion: Breast milk is easier for babies to digest than formula milk.

Benefits for the mother

  • Helps the womb shrink quickly: Breastfeeding causes the womb to return to its normal size faster after childbirth.
  • Reduces bleeding after birth: It helps control post-delivery bleeding.
  • Prevents diseases: Breastfeeding lowers the risk of breast and ovarian cancers, heart disease, and diabetes.
  • Promotes bonding: It strengthens the emotional connection between mother and child.
  • Helps with weight loss: Breastfeeding helps mothers shed pregnancy weight naturally.

How to prepare for successful breastfeeding?

Breastfeeding is a natural process, but preparation helps make it easier.

  • Attend prenatal clinics: Regular check-ups help ensure a healthy pregnancy and increase the chances of successful breastfeeding.
  • Talk to a health professional: Ask your doctor or midwife about breastfeeding techniques before delivery.
  • Get the right supplies: Items like a nursing bra, a breast pump, and a feeding pillow can make breastfeeding more comfortable.
  • Eat a balanced diet: Mothers should eat healthy foods rich in protein, vitamins, and fluids to maintain a good milk supply.

How soon should you start breastfeeding?

It is best to start breastfeeding within the first hour after birth. The first milk, called colostrum, is thick, yellow, and packed with nutrients and antibodies that protect the baby from infections.

Some babies may struggle to latch onto the breast properly due to factors such as tonguetie, flat nipples, or small birth size. If this happens, seek help from a midwife or lactation expert.

Common breastfeeding challenges and solutions?

  • Low milk supply
  • Breastfeed frequently (every 2-3 hours).
  • Drink plenty of fluids and eat well.
  • Avoid stress, as it can reduce milk production.
  • Painful or cracked nipples
  • Ensure the baby is latching correctly.
  • Apply breast milk on the nipples for healing.
  • Engorgement (full and painful breasts)
  • Express some milk before feeding to soften the breast.
  • Use warm compresses to relieve pain.
  • Baby refusing to breastfeed
  • Try different breastfeeding positions.
  • Avoid giving formula too early, as babies may prefer the bottle.

Alcohol, medicine, and breastfeeding

Everything a mother consumes can pass into breast milk, so caution is needed.

  • Avoid alcohol: It can make the baby drowsy and slow development.
  • Consult a doctor before taking medicine: Some drugs are unsafe for breastfeeding mothers.
  • Ignore myths: Drinking beer does not increase breast milk supply.

Do I have to stop breastfeeding when my baby grows teeth?

No! Babies usually get their first teeth around six months. If your baby bites, gently remove them from the breast and say, “No.” They will learn not to bite.

Breastfeeding and intimacy?

After childbirth, a mother may feel too tired or uninterested in sex due to hormonal changes and breastfeeding. Meanwhile, her partner may desire more physical affection. Communication is key, couples should talk about their feelings and find ways to support each other during this period.

Final thoughts?

Breastfeeding is a natural, life-saving act that benefits both mother and baby. It helps babies grow stronger, prevents diseases, and strengthens family bonds. Every African mother should aim for exclusive breastfeeding for six months and continued breastfeeding for at least two years. If you face any challenges, seek help from a healthcare professional.