Acne

What is acne?

Have you ever had stubborn pimples that just won’t go away? Acne, commonly called pimples or spots, is a skin condition that happens when tiny holes in the skin (pores) get blocked by oil, dead skin, or bacteria. It often appears on the face, chest, back, and shoulders—places that produce more oil.

In Africa, acne is very common among teenagers and young adults due to hormonal changes, hot weather, and the use of certain skincare products. If left untreated, acne can cause dark spots and permanent scars, making people feel less confident about their looks.

How common is acne in Africa?

Acne is a major concern for many Africans. Studies show that over 50% of teenagers and young adults in Africa experience acne at some point in their lives. Due to our warm climate, people tend to sweat more, and when mixed with oil and dirt, it clogs pores and causes pimples. Additionally, certain skincare products and hair pomades make acne worse.

Although acne is not life-threatening, it affects confidence and can cause emotional distress, especially among young people.

Common myths about acne?

There are many wrong beliefs about acne, including:

  • Only teenagers get acne: Acne can affect adults too.
  • Eating oily foods like ‘kelewele’ and chocolate causes acne: There is no scientific proof that these foods cause acne.
  • Popping pimples makes them go away faster: It actually makes acne worse and can leave scars.
  • Getting a tan clears acne: Sun exposure can actually make acne and dark spots worse.

What causes acne?

Acne occurs when the skin produces too much oil, dead skin blocks pores, or bacteria grow inside the pores. Several factors contribute to acne:

Hormonal changes

  • Adolescence (puberty) and pregnancy cause increased oil production.
  • Some diseases that affect hormones can trigger acne.
  • Birth control pills containing certain hormones may cause breakouts.

 Genetics

  • If your parents had acne, you are more likely to have it too.

Use of certain skin and hair products

  • Pomades, creams, and lotions containing lanolin, petrolatum, vegetable oils, and certain alcohols can block pores.
  • Heavy makeup and some sunscreen products can also worsen acne.

Use of steroids

  • Some people who use steroids to build muscles develop acne as a side effect.

Poor hygiene and lifestyle habits

  • Not washing your face regularly.
  • Sleeping on dirty pillowcases or using dirty towels.
  • Touching your face with dirty hands.
  • Wearing tight hats or headbands that trap sweat and oil.

The social impact of acne?

Acne can make people feel self-conscious or unattractive. Many young people avoid social gatherings, taking pictures, or even speaking in public because they feel embarrassed about their skin. If acne is affecting your confidence, consider talking to a doctor or counselor for advice.

How can you manage acne?

If you have acne, don’t worry! There are simple steps you can take to manage it.

Home care tips

  • Wash your face twice daily with a mild soap to remove excess oil and dirt.
  • Avoid scrubbing your face harshly.
  • Do not use your bathing sponge on your face.
  • Always dry your towels in the sun to kill bacteria.
  • Change pillowcases and bedsheets regularly.
  • Do not pop pimples. This can spread bacteria and leave scars.
  • Avoid touching your face too often.
  • Drink plenty of water and eat a healthy diet.

Over-the-counter treatments?

Some mild acne can be treated with products available at pharmacies. These include:

  • Benzoyl peroxide: Helps to dry out pimples and kill bacteria.
  • Salicylic acid: Prevents pores from getting blocked.
  • Sulfur-based lotions and cleansers: Reduce oil and fight bacteria.
  • Resorcinol: Helps remove dead skin cells.

When to see a doctor?

If your acne is severe, painful, or causing dark scars, you may need stronger treatment. Doctors can prescribe:

  • Antibiotics (oral or creams) to reduce infection and inflammation.
  • Retinoic acid (Vitamin A creams) to control oil production.
  • Hormonal therapy for women whose acne is caused by hormonal imbalance.

Takeaway message?

Acne is a common skin condition, especially in Africa, where warm weather and skincare habits contribute to its spread. However, it is treatable! With proper skincare, home remedies, and medical treatment, when necessary, you can manage acne and restore your confidence. If acne is affecting your self-esteem, seek medical help early to prevent long-term scarring.

Your skin matters—take good care of it!